Sanctioning mechanisms against political gender-based violence in elections: Ecuadorian legal perspective
Keywords:
Political violence, gender, elections, legal sanctionsAbstract
Gender-based political violence poses a serious threat to the full participation of women in democratic processes. During Ecuador’s 2025 general elections, multiple forms of this violence became evident, ranging from symbolic actions to institutional and discursive aggression. This research examines the existing criminal and administrative legal frameworks in Ecuador, highlighting their limitations, normative gaps, and the weak enforcement of sanctions. Through a critical and normative lens, the study assesses the need to harmonize electoral laws with international human rights standards and to strengthen institutions responsible for preventing, investigating, and punishing such acts. Ultimately, the article proposes a reformulation of sanctioning mechanisms based on a gender-sensitive and rights-based approach, aiming to provide a comprehensive response to political violence. This would ensure real conditions of equity and justice for women in political life.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Diana Elizabeth Correa-Manzano, Cinthia Mariela Cajas-Párraga, Marcela Anarcaly Zambrano-Olvera
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